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November 28, 2006

Racism and Sexism at Citizendium

A month or two ago I was invited to join in building a new repository of knowledge on the Internet, a spin-off from Wikipedia called Citizendium. The chief attraction of Citizendium (also called CZ) was that articles would be authored by laypersons and experts alike, but editorially approved by experts -- thus creating an environment of authority and reliability that Wikipedia, with its lack of quality control, could not match. I strongly support public intellectual work and I am all for making reliable information and analysis widely available to all who seek it. I joined CZ with high hopes, and with the goal of recruiting others to participate in a project I felt could be very useful and rewarding. My initial contributions impressed Larry Sanger enough that he invited me to join the Executive Board of Citizendium, and I accepted.

I wrote to colleagues and friends about CZ and invited them to participate -- and especially appealed to African Americanist and feminist scholars, since that is my own area of expertise. I asked, in my announcements, what Wikipedia might have looked like if there were significant participation from black or women scholars from its inception. I assumed -- wrongly -- that Ethnic studies and Women's studies scholars would be welcome at CZ. I was gravely disappointed. We are not welcome, and our disciplines are not welcome. We may participate only if we are willing to subsume our work under the headings of other, "more traditional" disciplines. CZ as conceived of and enforced by Sanger is a strongly conservative endeavor, and adamantly opposed to progressive scholarship.

I am withdrawing from Citizendium because of the racist and sexist policy put in place by Larry Sanger, who claims that the disciplines of Ethnic Studies and Gender Studies do not belong in the list of top level categories in Citizendium, or as individual categories at all. Sanger has unilaterally decided that all race and gender topics should be split up under traditional disciplinary headings, so that there will be, for example, a sub-group of "African American Literature," and "African American History," but no category -- at any level -- in African American studies, and he embraces the same tactic of fragmenting other Ethnic Studies and Gender Studies. The fact that his broad strokes of exclusion primarily effect women and minority scholars does not seem to matter to him.

Here is what Sanger has to say about gender and race studies:

"I take the view that most of these university departments are inherently
cross-disciplinary and--here I know I am treading on thin ice and saying
what few dare to say--highly politicized themselves. Well, I do not want to
make CZ "politically correct," i.e., appealing especially to one (largely
American/Western/Left) ideology. I really do want to make it neutral, and
that means **not** creating special groups for ideologically-motivated
groups." [posted November 16, 2006 10:29:59 AM MST to the Citizendium Editors listserv]

The notion that traditional disciplines are race and gender "neutral" is at the heart of Sanger's rationalization for exclusion. The credibility of this argument has been (for anyone knowledgeable in the those areas) thoroughly destroyed over the last thirty or forty years, as accumulated quantitative and qualitative evidence has shown that despite many white male scholars' protestations to the contrary, power and authority have remained firmly gripped in their hands. The claim that clearly biased disciplines are "neutral" is a plain and simple power play, and an excuse to perpetuate the patterns of exclusion that have been in place for hundreds of years. The tactic of fragmenting ethnic and gender studies into small, minority sub-categories under the control of larger white and male dominated groups is also well understood, both by the white men who employ the tactic to their advantage and by the minorities and women who are disadvantaged by it. The idea that Gender and Ethnic Studies are "political" and enforce "political correctness," while somehow traditional disciplines are above politics and do not enforce an inequitable Status Quo would be laughable if it were not so pernicious and injurious to the people who are oppressed by sexism and racism -- women and minorities.

Once again, this is a case of a white male scholar with no experience in either race or gender studies legislating, with broad strokes, how those disciplines will be represented in an academic endeavor he hopes will be of major importance. He does it with no regard for the current state of scholarship in those fields, or the expertise of their practitioners -- an irony in an academic endeavor that claims to rely on expertise for its authority. Expertise apparently only counts if it agrees with the naive opinions of the untutored white man in charge.

Sanger claims that his version of neutrality is rooted in Enlightenment principles. But as anyone working race and gender studies knows very well, white men have traditionally only applied Enlightenment principles to each other. It is the work of women and minorities that has extended those principles and challenged those who espouse them to apply them more and more broadly... and it is women and minorities who have risked their livelihoods and even their lives as they have engaged in over 250 years of activist work dedicated to building communities and nations that are free not only in principle, but in fact. By refusing to acknowledge Ethnic Studies and Gender studies as essential top-level disciplinary categories, Sanger is attempting to roll back our progress towards freedom and equality, as conservatives everywhere have been trying to roll back all of our gains.

Frankly, I am embarrassed to have had anything to do with CZ and I will be publicly critiquing Sanger's policy in various venues. I hope that all supporters of race and gender studies will join with me in boycotting CZ, and with protesting Sanger's decision.

You can find more information on Citizendium at http://www.citizendium.org. Most of my discussions with Sanger took place on the Editors listserv, but there are a few on the Citizendium Forum pages:

http://forum.citizendium.org/index.php/topic,259.msg2165.html#msg2165
http://forum.citizendium.org/index.php/topic,251.msg2164.html#msg2164

Kali Tal
http://www.kalital.com

Posted by kalital at November 28, 2006 7:58 PM

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Comments

Ehm. Can you tell me how "refusing to acknowledge Ethnic Studies and Gender studies as essential top-level disciplinary categories, Sanger is attempting to roll back our progress towards freedom and equality" ?

I can't see the relationship (probably because I come from an European country where there is no thing like Ethnic or Gender studies). I can't see why can't you write an unbiased (and totally unracist) history of African American Literature, for example, without having to resort to the cathegory of Ethnic Studies, and why this should automagically be a white-male partial point of view.

Posted by: dev/urandom at November 29, 2006 1:06 AM

Yes, I could tell you, but frankly I have better things to do. My guess is you wouldn't jump into a conversation about biology, taking place among biologists, and ask them to fill you in on everything you'd missed because you forgot to take biology in high school. You might try paying the same amount of respect to Ethnic and Gender studies and do at least a modicum of reading in those areas before you ask a scholar to go over the lower-division undergraduate basics with you. Come back and talk to me when you can articulate the foundation arguments in those disciplines and we can have a conversation. It's not my job to convince you that my discipline has a right to exist in the first place. It's your responsibility to seek an education in that area if you want to talk about it, and to start with basic texts. And there are dozens (if not hundreds) of syllabi online that list those texts for your edification and enjoyment. Have fun and come back and enter the conversation when you've done the reading.

Posted by: Kali Tal at November 29, 2006 4:29 AM

This gives the impression that you don't want to defend your position, but you do want people to agree with you. It seems to me that the fundamental ideas and jargon of an academic discipline are comparable to the grammar and vocabulary of a language. Consider, please, that someone could study a widely spoken language, such as Chinese or English, and that person would, in that case, find a large number of people in the world willing to converse with you in that language. Or, someone could study a much more obscure language, such as Northern Saami or Cree, with the opposite result: that, outside of a few specific circles, there will be almost no one who wants to talk to you in that language. Cree might be a very beautiful language, but if you won't discuss that fact in a language other than Cree, you've selected a quite limited audience for yourself.

You write, "It's not my job to convince you that my discipline has a right to exist in the first place. It's your responsibility to seek an education in that area if you want to talk about it, and to start with basic texts." That's an if. Personally (I can't speak for dev/urandom, of course) I'm not very interested in talking about ethnic or gender studies, but I am interested in talking about the problems you've had dealing with Citizendium. I'm not sure whether that's a conversation you're interested in.

Posted by: Otto Kerner at November 29, 2006 9:20 AM

Otto, I don't really care whether "people" agree with me or not. If most people agreed with me, there'd be a lot less racism and sexism in the world. I expect certain people (mostly white men) will disagree with me, and that certain people (mostly people who are relatively sophisticated about race and gender issues; hence, mostly non-white men and women) will tend to agree with me. To me, the gendered and raced way that agreement or disagreement breaks down is an illustration of the very problem I'm pointing out.

Your language example is a poor one. If you compare feminism and race studies to the study of Northern Saaami and Cree, you ignore the fact that just about every university in the country has departments, scholars and students in Women's Studies and Ethnic Studies, that a huge body of generally accessible scholarship has been produced, and that large professional organizations in these areas have sprung up everywhere in the world. This has been the case for at least thirty years now. The fact that the basic tenets and non-jargon vocabulary of feminism and ethnic studies are as obscure to you as those tiny language groups is not a measure of the insignificance of the fields, but of your comfort level in ignoring and brushing aside certain kinds of large, popular and significant disciplines. There's a reason we're not having this conversation about, say, Sociology.

I do not use complex or advanced terminology when I discuss feminism and race as a public intellectual. But the most elementary and simple concepts in the fields are alien to the white men who simply have not bothered to concern themselves with what the women and the minorities were doing. We're not important enough for you -- you work in the "real" disciplines and don't even, for the most part, notice we're not there.

You and I can't talk about the problems with Citizendium unless you're willing to take some responsibility for equipping yourself with the basic tools to do the analysis. How on earth can we discuss whether or not CZ is racist or sexist (and those are my problems with CZ) if you have only a popular or naive model of racism or sexism. Really... it only takes picking up one book on each to get a decent sense of what the stakes are. Try Farai Chideya's Don't Believe the Hype and the Sadker's Failing at Fairness as basic, readable books that will introduce you to the issues with which race and gender scholars deal in their work.

The bottom line is that I don't have the time to rewrite the elementary, accessible texts that are out there. And you need those basics in order to understand my critiques... or any critiques of gender and race politics. You need those basics if you're going to be able to discuss racism and sexism in a responsible fashion. You need those basics even if you're going to disagree with them.

White men are a numerical minority in the world, but just like the whites in apartheid South Africa, they pretty much think they own the place, get to define it and to control it. Sanger's decisions about what disciplines are "in" and what disciplines are "out" in CZ is an exercise in exactly that sort of control. The insidious thing about racism and sexism is that they're invisible to the people who are being racist and sexist, and visible only to the people who are being oppressed, or who identify with the oppressed and consider those largely silenced and ignored voices to be important.

You have a choice at this juncture: remain unthinkingly and unconsciously embedded in the institutional structures that support you in a web of unearned privilege based on your whiteness and your maleness, or start to break out of the web by taking the responsibility for educating yourself about the way life is for the majority of the "other" people in your culture.

If you take that responsiblity we can have long, interesting and fruitful conversations about CZ. If you don't, then there's really not much we can say to each other beyond stating our basic positions.

Posted by: Kali Tal at November 29, 2006 11:57 AM

I commend Kali for her brave, principled stand against bureaucratic obstinacy and arbitrariness. I tired of the CZ pilot after about a week of edits on the African American literature page, after a lot of bureaucratic crowing and interference with routine edits.

For example, I was informed that an edit of mine identifying African American lit as one branch of the literature of the African diaspora was going to have to be discussed and debated. Ridiculous. Anybody who thinks such a claim is in the least controversial is unqualified to be editing a page on African American in the first place.

Anyway, good for you, Kali.

Posted by: bds at December 7, 2006 4:08 AM

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